Localization with Laravel

Laravel’s localization capability allows for the use of many languages in applications. All of the strings in various languages must be kept in a single file, which is kept in the resources/views directory. Each supported language should have its own directory. As seen below, an array of keyed strings should be returned by all language files.

<?php
return [
   'welcome' => 'Welcome to the application'
];

Example

Step 1 −Make three language-specific files: English, French, and German. The English file should be saved under resources/lang/en/lang.php.

<?php
   return [
      'msg' => 'Laravel Internationalization example.'
   ];
?>

Step 2 − Save French file at resources/lang/fr/lang.php.

<?php
   return [
      'msg' => 'Exemple Laravel internationalisation.'
   ];
?>

Step 3 − Save German file at resources/lang/de/lang.php.

<?php
   return [
      'msg' => 'Laravel Internationalisierung Beispiel.' 
   ];
?>

Step 4 − Use the following command to create a controller named LocalizationController.

php artisan make:controller LocalizationController --plain

Step 5 − Following a successful execution, you will obtain the output that follows:

Step 6 − The code below should be copied to a file.

app/Http/Controllers/LocalizationController.php

app/Http/Controllers/LocalizationController.php

<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use App\Http\Requests;
use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;

class LocalizationController extends Controller {
   public function index(Request $request,$locale) {
      //set’s application’s locale
      app()->setLocale($locale);
      
      //Gets the translated message and displays it
      echo trans('lang.msg');
   }
}

Step 7 − Add a LocalizationController route to the app/Http/routes.php file. We will utilize the {locale} option to view output in a different language, as you can see by passing it after localization.

app/Http/routes.php

Route::get('localization/{locale}','LocalizationController@index');

Step 8 − To view all of the languages, let’s go to the various URLs. To view the output in English, click the URL below.

http://localhost:8000/localization/en

Step 9 − The output will look like what’s in the picture below.

Step 10 − To view the output in French, click the URL below..

http://localhost:8000/localization/fr

Step 11 − This is how the output will look in the next picture.

Step 12 − Execute the below URL to see output in German language.

http://localhost:8000/localization/de

Step 13 − The output will look like what’s in the picture below.

Understanding Laravel Sessions

Information about the user is stored in sessions across requests. To manage session data, Laravel offers a number of drivers, including file, cookie, apc, array, Memcached, Redis, and database. Due to its lightweight nature, the file driver is used by default. The file config/session.php contains the session configuration information.

Working with Session Data

$value = $request->session()->get('key');

To obtain all session data, you can use the all() method rather than the get() method.

Saving Data in Laravel Sessions

The put() method can be used to store data in a session. The “key” and the “value” are the two arguments that the put() method will accept.

$request->session()->put('key', 'value');

Clearing Session Data in Laravel

To remove an object from the session, use the forget() method. “Key” will be the argument used in this procedure.

$request->session()->forget('key');

Instead of using the forget() method to remove all session data, use the flush() function. To retrieve and then erase data from a session, use the pull() method. Additionally, key will be passed as an input to the pull() method. The forget() and pull() methods differ in that the former will not return the session value, while the latter will do so while deleting it from the session.

Example

Step 1 − Run the following command to create a controller named SessionController.

php artisan make:controller SessionController --plain

Step 2 − Following a successful execution, you will obtain the output that follows:

Step 3 − The code below should be copied into a file at

app/Http/Controllers/SessionController.php.

app/Http/Controllers/SessionController.php

<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use App\Http\Requests;
use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;

class SessionController extends Controller {
   public function accessSessionData(Request $request) {
      if($request->session()->has('my_name'))
         echo $request->session()->get('my_name');
      else
         echo 'No data in the session';
   }
   public function storeSessionData(Request $request) {
      $request->session()->put('my_name','Virat Gandhi');
      echo "Data has been added to session";
   }
   public function deleteSessionData(Request $request) {
      $request->session()->forget('my_name');
      echo "Data has been removed from session.";
   }
}

Step 4 − The lines below should be added to the app/Http/routes.php file.

app/Http/routes.php

Route::get('session/get','SessionController@accessSessionData');
Route::get('session/set','SessionController@storeSessionData');
Route::get('session/remove','SessionController@deleteSessionData');

Step 5 − In order to set data in session, go to the URL below.

http://localhost:8000/session/set

Step 6 − The output will appear as shown in the following image.

Step 7 − To obtain session data, go to the following URL.

http://localhost:8000/session/get

Step 8 − The output will look like what’s in the picture below.

Step 9 − Go to this URL to get rid of session data.

http://localhost:8000/session/remove

Step 10 − A message will appear, as seen in the picture below.

Data Validation in Laravel

When it comes to application design, validation is the most crucial component. It verifies the data coming in. The main controller class by default makes use of the ValidatesRequests trait, which offers a practical way to verify incoming HTTP requests using a number of strong validation criteria.

List of Laravel Validation Rules

If there are any mistakes in the session data, Laravel will immediately connect them to the view after checking for them. Importantly, you can comfortably assume that the $errors variable is always defined and safe to use because it will always be present in all of your views on every request. All of the Laravel validation rules are displayed in the following table.

List of Laravel Validation Rules

Accepted	Active URL	After (Date)
Alpha	Alpha Dash	Alpha Numeric
Array	Before (Date)	Between
Boolean	Confirmed	Date
Date Format	Different	Digits
Digits Between	E-Mail	Exists (Database)
Image (File)	In	Integer
IP Address	JSON	Max
MIME Types(File)	Min	Not In
Numeric	Regular Expression	Required
Required If	Required Unless	Required With
Required With All	Required Without	Required Without All
Same	Size	String
Timezone	Unique (Database)	URL

Illuminate\Support\MessageBag will be an instance of the $errors variable. By adding the code as indicated below, an error message can be shown in the view file.

@if (count($errors) > 0)
   <div class = "alert alert-danger">
      <ul>
         @foreach ($errors->all() as $error)
            <li>{{ $error }}</li>
         @endforeach
      </ul>
   </div>
@endif

Example

Step 1 − Use the following command to create a controller named ValidationController.

php artisan make:controller ValidationController --plain

Step 2 − Following a successful execution, you will obtain the output that follows:

Step 3 − The code below should be copied into app/Http/Controllers/ValidationController.php file.

app/Http/Controllers/ValidationController.php

<?php

namespace App\Http\Controllers;

use Illuminate\Http\Request;
use App\Http\Requests;
use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;

class ValidationController extends Controller {
   public function showform() {
      return view('login');
   }
   public function validateform(Request $request) {
      print_r($request->all());
      $this->validate($request,[
         'username'=>'required|max:8',
         'password'=>'required'
      ]);
   }
}

Step 4 − The following code should be copied into a view file named resources/views/login.blade.php.

resources/views/login.blade.php

<html>
   
   <head>
      <title>Login Form</title>
   </head>

   <body>
      
      @if (count($errors) > 0)
         <div class = "alert alert-danger">
            <ul>
               @foreach ($errors->all() as $error)
                  <li>{{ $error }}</li>
               @endforeach
            </ul>
         </div>
      @endif
      
      <?php
         echo Form::open(array('url'=>'/validation'));
      ?>
      
      <table border = '1'>
         <tr>
            <td align = 'center' colspan = '2'>Login</td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
            <td>Username</td>
            <td><?php echo Form::text('username'); ?></td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
            <td>Password</td>
            <td><?php echo Form::password('password'); ?></td>
         </tr>
         <tr>
            <td align = 'center' colspan = '2'
               ><?php echo Form::submit('Login'); ?  ></td>
         </tr>
      </table>
      
      <?php
         echo Form::close();
      ?>
   
   </body>
</html>

Step 5 − The lines below should be added to app/Http/routes.php.

app/Http/routes.php

Route::get('/validation','ValidationController@showform');
Route::post('/validation','ValidationController@validateform');

Step 6 − To verify the validation, click the following link.

http://localhost:8000/validation

Step 7 − Enter nothing in the text area and click the “Login” button. The final product will resemble the image below.